学英语 -- where和whereby引导的定语从句

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A. where和whereby引导定语从句

1. where可以用于定语从句中表示地点，可以用介词+which短语替代：

The restaurant where (=in which) we had lunch was near the airport.我们在那里吃午饭的饭店在飞机场附近。（修饰restaurant；从句主、谓、宾成分完整）

It's one of the few countries where people drive on the left.这是为数不多的几个靠左行驶的国家之一。

2. 在学术性英语中，可以用where指示关系而不是位置，尤其在case, condition, example, situation, system等单词之后：

Later in this chapter we will introduce cases where (= in which) consumer complaints have resulted in changes in law.在本章的后面，我们将介绍消费者投诉导致法律改变的案例。

We have reached a point where a change is needed.我们到了必须改一改的地步。

3. whereby用来说明方法或方式，主要用在正式文体中，可以用by which means替换：

They have introduced a new system whereby (=by which means) all employees must undergo regular training.他们采用了新的制度，所有的雇员都必须定期进行培训。